前言
建構 Ubuntu + Rails + MySQL + Apache + mod_rails 的環境來部署 RoR 專案.
建構 RoR 環境
本章詳細步驟請參考: Ubuntu 6.06 架設 RoR
- 安裝 Ruby .
- 安裝 RubyGems .
- 安裝 Rails .
遇到問題: no such file to load -- openssl (RuntimeError) .
解法: 安裝 libopenssl-ruby . 參考: 主题:no such file to load -- openssl (RuntimeError) - 產生 RoR 專案.
- 執行 RoR 專案.
遇到問題: 沒有裝資料庫.
解法: 資料庫問題不歸入 RoR 環境章節,下一章會處理此問題.
安裝 MySQL 資料庫
本章詳細步驟請參考: 在Ubuntu/Debian上面安裝Ruby on Rails的生產環境服務器
- 安裝 MySQL .
- 重設 root 密碼.
- 安裝 mysql 的 RubyGem 包以取得更好的效率.
遇到問題: /usr/bin/gem:23: uninitialized constant Gem::GemRunner (NameError)
解法: http://mmiwwcom.javaeye.com/blog/181074 - 在 MySQL 建立 Schema 測試與 RoR 專案的連接情形.
遇到問題: database.yml 的 Socket 設定.
解法: http://wiki.rubyonrails.org/rails/pages/database.yml
安裝 Apache
ubuntu 已經內建 Apache 2 . 可直接安裝,步驟可參考: 在Ubuntu/Debian上面安裝Ruby on Rails的生產環境服務器
安裝 mod_rails
本章詳細步驟請參考: Passenger :Mod_rails for Apache 終於出世
1. 安裝 mod_rails
遇到問題: ERROR: Error installing passenger:
解法: http://d.hatena.ne.jp/rx7/20080412/p1
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/usr/bin/ruby1.8 extconf.rb i passenger
extconf.rb:1:in `require': no such file to load -- mkmf (LoadError)
from extconf.rb:1
遇到問題: WARNING: Apache doesn't seem to be compiled with the 'prefork' MPM
解法: 執行 sudo apt-get install apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-prefork-dev
2. 在 Apache 設定檔( httpd.conf 在 /etc/apache2 )中新增以下設定:
設定 LoadModule passenger_module passenger_module 的預設目錄.
設定 RailsSpawnServer SpawnServer 路徑.
設定 RailsRuby ruby 路徑.
設定 DocumentRoot .
LoadModule passenger_module /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-1.0.5/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
RailsSpawnServer /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-1.0.5/bin/passenger-spawn-server
RailsRuby /usr/bin/ruby1.8
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www.yourhost.com
DocumentRoot /rails目錄/public
</VirtualHost>
完成以上步驟,在瀏覽器中打上 www.yourhost.com 應該就能看到 RoR 專案已經正確被啟動!
進一步驗證(練習)
本章參考: <轉>Ruby on Rails: typo安裝指南 ,但啟動 Typo 部份是使用 Apache + mod_rails 的方法!
Typo 為一個用 RoR 開發的專案. 下載及其它 還不到網路發佈的步驟請參考<轉>Ruby on Rails: typo安裝指南 .
1. 以 Typo 為例,我將 Type 下載至 /home/server/webapps 下.
2. Apahce 的 httpd.conf 內修改 DocumnetRoot 設定如下:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName localhost
DocumentRoot /home/server/webapps/typo/public
</VirtualHost>
3. 使用 sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart 重啟 Apache .
4. 在瀏覽器中打上 localhost 應該就能看到 Typo 被正確啟動!
練習部屬自己的 RoR 專案
問題: 嘗試透過瀏覽器開啟 RoR 專案,網頁總是發生 HTTP Error 403 Forbidden 或 Passenger error #2 錯誤.
解法: 根據 http://groups.google.com/group/phusion-passenger/browse_thread/thread/8313ef1ba14cbb07 ,發現確實是 Apache 無權限去存取我 RoR 專案中的 public 檔案夾(事實上是整個 RoR 專案),修改後便能排解此問題.
問題: 顯示未建立資料庫表格.
解法: 發現不論如何執行 rake db:migrate 都不會替 production 的資料庫產生表格. 根據 http://bbs.railschina.com/thread-563-1-1.html 利用 rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production 便能排解此問題.
問題: ym4r 的 Google Map API Key 會不合法.
解法: 根據 http://chinaonrails.com/topic/view/671.html ,若 prodution mode 下只有一個 Host 會用到該 Map ,那就使用跟 development 或 test 同一個 Key 即可!
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